This type of waste means that the processes, procedures and work tasks are not supported by the right instruments, aids, tools etc. A classic example of this type of waste are unsuitable IT systems. This can be the break between manual and electronic input or the processing of work processes on paper because there is no workflow system. But the oversized IT or work tools also belong to this category of waste. You know the situation: SAP is used in a company, but every employee has their Excel spreadsheets ready because they don’t trust the SAP system. Or you can use a highly complex modeling tool such as Aris for simple process mapping. The reason for this kind of waste is usually that the requirements of the users, the ‘customers’ of these systems, are not sufficiently analyzed and taken into account.